★ Botou Ruicheng mechanical repair gear pump basic knowledge

Gear pumps are essential components in many hydraulic systems, and understanding their basic structure and common wear points is crucial for effective maintenance. The main wear parts of a gear pump include the drive shaft and bushings, the center hole and pin of the driven gear, the pump housing cavity and gears, as well as the gear end faces and pump cover. Over time, these components can experience wear due to continuous operation, leading to reduced performance or complete failure. When the lubricating oil pump shows signs of wear, such as leakage, reduced flow, or abnormal noise, it's important to disassemble the unit and inspect the extent of damage. Identifying the specific areas affected will allow for targeted repairs. Common issues include excessive clearance between moving parts, which can cause oil loss or inefficiency. Gear teeth typically experience the most wear on the tooth thickness, while the face and tip of the gears show less damage. In cases of unilateral wear, the gear can often be rotated 180 degrees to extend its service life. If the gear face is worn, it can be polished, and the pump housing can be ground to maintain proper clearance between the gear end and the pump cover. For pump chamber repair, if the housing cavity is worn, one common method is to install an iron or steel sleeve inside the cavity. After installation, the inner surface is machined to the required size, and the sleeve’s end is ground to align with the pump housing. Repairing the valve seat—whether ball or plunger type—is also essential. For ball seats, a metal ball can be gently tapped into place to ensure a tight seal. If the seat is severely worn, reaming and lapping may be necessary. For plunger seats, using valve sand to grind them together can restore the seal. When the drive shaft and bushing wear, increasing the clearance can lead to oil leakage or poor performance. If the wear is minor, replacing the bushing with a standard-sized one can restore the correct fit. However, if both the shaft and bushing are significantly worn, more extensive methods like chrome plating or welding may be required to rebuild the diameter before grinding to the original specifications. Cracks in the pump housing must be repaired carefully. Using a 508 nickel-copper welding electrode is a common technique, ensuring the weld is smooth and free of porosity. The flatness of the pump cover should not exceed 0.05 mm after repair. Similarly, repairing the bushing hole in the drive shaft or driven shaft involves reaming and installing a properly sized bushing. If the driven shaft is worn, it should be reamed to match the new bushing size. For the pump cover, if the working surface is only slightly worn, manual grinding with valve sand or a glass plate can remove imperfections. However, if the wear depth exceeds 0.1 mm, turning and grinding are necessary to restore the surface. The repair process for the drive shaft bushing hole on the pump cover follows the same method as that used for the housing. Proper maintenance and timely repairs can significantly extend the life of a gear pump and ensure its reliable performance. Regular inspections and understanding the wear patterns of each component are key to preventing major failures.

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