Precautions for installation and use of differential pressure transmitter
When installing a differential pressure transmitter, it's crucial to keep the length of the pressure guiding tube between the transmitter and the source as short as possible. Ideally, this should be within 3 to 50 meters, with an inner diameter of at least 8 mm. The tube must also have a slope of no less than 1:10—meaning that for every 10 meters horizontally, there should be a vertical difference of at least 1 meter. This slope is essential to ensure proper drainage or gas flow, depending on the medium being measured. If the medium is a gas, any condensate that forms should be able to flow back to the process pipe or equipment. Therefore, the transmitter should ideally be installed higher than the pressure source. If this isn't feasible due to space constraints, a liquid trap and drain valve should be placed at the lowest point of the line to collect and remove any condensate. For liquid media, any gas that separates from the liquid should be allowed to return to the process piping or equipment. To prevent gas accumulation, a gas trap and bleed valve should be installed at the highest point of the line. In this case, the transmitter should be positioned lower than the pressure source to avoid errors caused by trapped gases. In summary, the slope and orientation of the pressure guiding tube are critical to ensuring that only a single-phase fluid (either gas or liquid) flows through the system. This helps maintain measurement accuracy and prevents additional errors that could arise from two-phase flow. When measuring steam, a condensing vessel should be installed in the pressure guiding line to protect the transmitter from high-temperature vapor. The condenser should be arranged so that the condensate levels in both lines remain balanced over time. After the condenser, the pressure guiding line should be installed according to the same standards as for liquid media. For corrosive or viscous media, isolation devices should be used in the pressure line to prevent damage to the transmitter. In cases where the medium tends to precipitate, crystallize, or polymerize, additional isolation measures are necessary to avoid blockages in the pressure guiding tube. ### Key Considerations When Using Differential Pressure Transmitters There are three main things to keep in mind when using these transmitters: 1. **Calibration Check:** Before installation, the transmitter must be recalibrated for its measurement range, zero drift, accuracy, and static pressure error to ensure reliable performance. 2. **Pre-Operation Checks:** After installation, verify the working pressure, temperature, and measuring range of the transmitter. Ensure these match the actual conditions. If discrepancies are found, investigate and correct them before starting the system. 3. **Protection During Operation:** Always protect the transmitter from one-way static pressure during startup and shutdown. A three-valve assembly is recommended for this purpose. It typically includes two shut-off valves (one for high pressure and one for low pressure) and a balancing valve. The balancing valve is used to equalize pressure across the transmitter during start-up and shutdown, preventing damage from excessive static pressure. When starting the transmitter, open the balancing valve first, then slowly open the high and low-pressure valves. Once fully open, close the balancing valve. For shutdown, reverse the process—open the balancing valve first, then close the high and low-pressure valves in sequence. This procedure ensures the transmitter is not subjected to sudden pressure changes. It also helps maintain the integrity of the fill fluid or isolating liquid in systems that use them. Following these steps can significantly extend the life of the differential pressure transmitter and improve overall measurement reliability.
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