Powdery mildew is one of the most common and challenging diseases affecting kiwifruit cultivation. It causes significant damage to crops, making it a major concern for farmers. The key to minimizing losses lies in timely application of **pesticides**.
The symptoms of powdery mildew usually start as small, pinpoint-like spots on the leaves. As the disease progresses, these spots expand into irregular yellow-green lesions on the upper surface of the leaves. These lesions often appear circular or irregular in shape, with less defined borders. Over time, they may merge into larger patches. On the underside of the leaves, a white, powdery coating becomes visible. Later in the infection stage, small yellow-brown to dark-brown specks may appear on the affected areas. Infected leaves tend to curl, dry out, and eventually fall off, which can severely impact plant health and fruit yield.
So, how can we effectively manage powdery mildew and protect our kiwifruit crops? Let’s take a look at three effective prevention strategies.
First, improve field management by increasing the use of phosphorus, potassium, and organic fertilizers while avoiding excessive nitrogen. This helps strengthen the plant's natural resistance to disease.
Second, pay close attention to pruning and vine training. Ensure that the vines are evenly distributed across the trellis to promote good air circulation and sunlight penetration. Combine this with winter pruning, leaf removal, and burning of infected material to reduce the spread of the pathogen.
Third, apply fungicides at the early stages of infection. You can use a 25% wettable powder of sulfur at 2000 times dilution, or a 15% wettable powder of sulfur at 1000 times dilution. Alternatively, you can use a 45% sulfur suspension at 500 times dilution, or a 40% copper-based fungicide at 800 times dilution, along with a 50% wettable powder of triadimefon at 800 times dilution. Apply these treatments every 7 to 10 days, with two consecutive sprays recommended for best results.
By following these steps, you can significantly reduce the risk of powdery mildew and ensure healthier kiwifruit plants. Stay proactive, monitor your crops regularly, and don’t hesitate to act when symptoms first appear.
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