The use of pesticides to manage vegetable diseases can lead to phytotoxicity and environmental pollution. As people's living standards improve and their awareness of food safety increases, the demand for pesticide-free vegetables has grown significantly. Therefore, it is crucial to adopt ecological methods to control vegetable diseases and reduce pesticide residues in crops.
First, after harvesting vegetables, many pathogens remain on plant residues and spread across the field, eventually entering the soil and becoming a source of contamination. To address this, farmers should focus on pest and disease management during the later stages of vegetable growth. This includes reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria and removing all residual stems and leaves after each harvest. Additionally, roots from vegetables prone to root diseases should be removed to prevent further spread.
Second, crop rotation plays a vital role in disease prevention. Proper rotation not only enhances the resilience of the crops but also reduces or eliminates the infectivity of pathogens in the soil over time. There are two main types of vegetable rotations: one involves rotating between different vegetables, with the interval determined by how long pathogens survive in the soil. The other involves rotating vegetables with grain crops, such as corn, cotton, or wheat, which have proven effective in controlling soil-borne diseases.
Third, intercropping with onions can be highly beneficial. The rhizosphere of onions produces antibacterial microorganisms that inhibit pathogens and help prevent various vegetable diseases. By mixing green onions with other vegetables, the growth of harmful bacteria can be effectively suppressed, reducing their density in the soil and promoting healthier growing conditions.
Fourth, soil replacement is an effective strategy for managing soil-borne diseases, especially in fixed facilities like solar greenhouses. Old soil can be replaced with new, non-toxic topsoil by changing the plough layer, thus improving soil quality and reducing the risk of disease.
Fifth, deep plowing helps destroy the habitat of pathogens. After each harvest, it is recommended to till the soil to a depth of about 40 cm. This process can naturally kill some pathogens through exposure to low temperatures and ultraviolet rays.
Lastly, disinfection is a simple yet effective method. During the summer, after tilling, the field can be flooded and covered with plastic film to perform high-temperature disinfection. The temperature at a 10 cm depth can reach up to 70°C, effectively killing a large number of pathogens. This method is both cost-effective and easy to implement.
By implementing these ecological practices, farmers can significantly reduce the need for chemical pesticides, promote sustainable agriculture, and meet the growing market demand for safe and healthy vegetables.
Grinding Heads
Grinding head is a kind of small handle grinding tools, used in electric mills, hanging mills, hand electric drills. There are many kinds of diamond grinding head, ceramic grinding head, rubber grinding head, diamond grinding head, emery cloth grinding head.
Ceramic grinding head: grain size sand (generally brown corundum, white corundum, chrome corundum, silicon carbide) sintered by ceramic binder, with a metal handle in the center. Mainly grinding all kinds of metal, for grinding the inner wall of aperture, mold correction. Rubber grinding head: fine sand is synthesized by rubber binder for the polishing of mould
Diamond grinding head: A kind of stone material, ceramic materials and other non-metallic materials of grinding tools, especially involving a with diamond alloy grinding tools for grinding body, it includes substrate and a mill body, in which several mill body clearance to fixed to the substrate, the grinding surface of the grinding head grinding body also set a clearance, among them, the substrate is best by a certain toughness of adhesive materials, The grinding body is preferably made of diamond alloy material. The utility model has the advantages of high grinding performance, simple manufacturing and low cost, high grinding quality and being suitable for large-scale grinding
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