Changing the traditional development model, the pattern of green mines is becoming clearer
**Abstract**
To establish a new model of green mines nationwide, starting with pilot projects is a practical approach. This is because it is extremely challenging to meet the high standards of green mine construction all at once. Through the pilot process, initial planning will be carried out, and over several years of development, the goals of green mine construction will gradually be achieved. These pilot projects will not only serve as models but also demonstrate best practices that can guide the broader industry.
According to the National Mineral Resources Planning (2008–2015), the goal was to strongly promote green mine construction and establish a green mine pattern by 2020. Deputy Director Qi Jianhua from the Ministry of Land and Resources stated at the 2013 China International Mining Conference Green Mine Sub-forum that the total number of national-level green mine pilot units had reached 459 by then.
Since 2011, China has annually announced state-level green mine pilot units. So far, three batches have been approved, and the fourth batch is currently under progress. Shi Jingwei, Secretary-General of the Green Mine Promotion Working Committee of the China Mining Association, mentioned that the goal is to reach more than 600 national-level pilot mines by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan. By 2015, this target is expected to be met. However, he emphasized that the focus now is on improving quality rather than just increasing numbers. For example, in the third batch of approvals, over 30% of applicants were eliminated due to not meeting the standards.
**Changing the Traditional Mining Model**
Liu Yuqiang, Vice President and Chief Engineer of the China Mining Association, believes that the old model of mining at the expense of the environment no longer meets modern development needs. Green mine construction promotes sustainable resource use and environmental protection, making it an essential shift in the mining industry.
The global push for resource conservation and environmental protection has made green mining a key concern. The Ministry of Land and Resources issued guidelines in 2010 to further clarify the goals and conditions for establishing green mines, marking a shift from informal efforts to a more organized and targeted approach.
**No Industry Barriers for Participation**
Shi Jingzhen explained that there are no industry restrictions or barriers for participation in the green mine program. Mines of all sizes and ownership types—state-owned, private, or joint ventures—are eligible. Since the first batch of national-level pilots in 2011, green mines have covered various sectors, including non-ferrous metals, gold, building materials, and coal.
For the fourth batch of pilot units, the focus will be on medium-sized mines, with each province submitting no more than five applications. Enterprises relying on mineral resource utilization bases are exempt from quantity limits. Applications must be submitted through local or central authorities, depending on the company's jurisdiction.
**Quality Over Quantity**
Shi Jingying noted that future efforts will prioritize quality improvement. The number of approved projects may decrease, and local associations will no longer recommend companies for the fourth batch. According to the Ministry’s notice, the deadline for applications is November 25.
**Support Policies Under Research**
Xu Dachun, Deputy Director of the Department of Reserves, emphasized the importance of resource conservation and environmental protection. He believes that China must move away from excessive resource consumption and adopt a more sustainable path.
Yan Jianhua pointed out that while some mining companies have invested heavily in green initiatives, they still lack clear national support policies. However, many pilot units already receive some subsidies in areas like resource utilization and emission reduction.
Shi Jingzhen said that support policies for green mines are currently under research, involving multiple government departments. Although the process is complex, such policies are expected to be introduced soon. He suggested that the government should increase financial support, improve tax incentives, and encourage technological innovation.
**Creating a New Green Mining Pattern**
Wang Jiahua, Executive Vice President of the China Mining Association, highlighted that the construction of green mines has become a key platform for transforming mining practices, promoting resource efficiency, enhancing the industry's image, and supporting ecological civilization.
Despite progress, the proportion of green mines among the 115,000 mining enterprises in China remains low. While 600 national-level green mines are planned by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan, there is still a long way to go. Wang acknowledged that many production methods remain outdated, and the transition to a green mining model is a long-term challenge.
In conclusion, Yan Jianhua reiterated that starting with pilot projects is essential. Given the high standards, it is unrealistic to expect immediate compliance. Through careful planning and gradual development, the pilot phase will help build a successful model that can be replicated nationwide.
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