Bamboo development history

Bamboo has a long and rich history in China, deeply rooted in the daily lives of its people. Archaeological findings reveal that even during the Neolithic Age, bamboo was used to make baskets for storing food. In the Liangzhu culture era, ancestors in Zhejiang laid large bamboo mats on rooftops to protect themselves from rain, showing early use of bamboo in construction. In 1958, more than 200 bamboo woven items were discovered at the Qianshan Neolithic site in Wuxing County, Zhejiang. Most of these pieces were smooth and carefully crafted. They included tools for fishing, sitting mats, and various types of baskets, such as storage containers, crickets, and other small vessels. The weaving techniques were advanced, with intricate patterns like herringbone, diamond shapes, and cross-grain designs. Some even featured delicate motifs like plum blossoms and scorpions, indicating that bamboo weaving had become an essential part of life and production by this time. During the Shangtang era over 3,000 years ago, bamboo rafts and simple utensils were already in use. Bamboo was widely used to create everything from chopsticks and baskets to chairs and farming tools, reflecting its versatility and importance in ancient Chinese society. By the Warring States period, the art of bamboo weaving began to take shape, with patterns such as squares, rice grains, and ripples appearing. Over time, the craft became more refined. Historical records mention that in the 4th century AD, the poet Xu Zhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty praised a finely woven bamboo fan, describing it as delicate and transparent like the wings of a cicada. This highlights the high level of skill and creativity in bamboo craftsmanship during that time. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, bamboo crafts reached new heights, especially during festivals. Lanterns made from bamboo were popular, and in areas like Shaoxing and Jixian, skilled artisans were hired to create elaborate lanterns. During the Spring Festival, dragon-shaped decorations were also crafted from bamboo, showcasing the cultural significance of the material. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, bamboo weaving flourished further. More artisans emerged, traveling from village to village to create everyday items such as baskets, incense holders, and grain boxes. These items were not only practical but also beautifully crafted. In temples, fans and palm fans made from bamboo were displayed, often decorated with elegant patterns and painted details. During the early years of the Guangxu reign of the Qing Dynasty, a bamboo workshop was established in Jixian County. Started by two master artisans, it produced fine tobacco baskets, shoe baskets, and food baskets, which quickly gained popularity due to their quality and utility. As demand grew, more artisans were recruited, and the variety of products expanded. Baskets, test baskets, incense baskets, and many others appeared, with different sizes and styles. Some were even designed to resemble pagodas, known as "tower baskets." At the beginning of the 19th century, Jixian County experienced a peak in bamboo basket production. Products were sold across major cities like Nanjing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, and some were even exported overseas. These items were not only functional but also highly decorative, often featuring intricate patterns and gold or black paint finishes. During the Republic of China era, bamboo weaving continued to evolve, with more diverse techniques and patterns emerging. Artisans like Cao Shuigen gained recognition for their work, including custom-made bamboo cigarette cases that were well-received internationally. Publications from the time highlighted the quality and variety of Jixian's bamboo crafts, which were prized for their beauty and craftsmanship. Despite the challenges brought by the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, bamboo weaving remained a vital tradition. Though production declined, many artisans preserved their skills, keeping the legacy of this ancient craft alive. Today, the art of bamboo weaving continues to be celebrated, both for its historical value and its enduring beauty.

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