The company was injured by electric shock: the high cost of electricity and the self-provided power plant approval

[For power-intensive industries, such as steel, non-ferrous metals, chemicals, building materials, etc., because the power consumption per unit of product or unit added value is very high, the proportion of electric energy production capacity to total production costs is high, so the production cost or competitiveness of its industry The impact is great]
"The rising cost of operation is killing the lives of these small and medium-sized enterprises." The reporters who complained to reporters that the cost of environmental protection is becoming more and more high have recently become more and more felt by the pressure of electricity costs.
Since last year, the increase in coal prices has led to a chain price increase in coal-related industries, which has led to an increase in production costs in the power-related industries, and a sharp increase in the pressure on large industrial users with higher electricity costs.
The manufacturer told the First Financial Reporter that the cost of electricity accounted for about 40% of the total cost of the enterprise and has become an unbearable burden. Wu Qi, head of the Commercial Bank Research Center of the Evergrowing Bank Research Institute, who worked at Datang Power, told the First Financial Reporter that the cost of electricity has become one of the main factors for the high cost of real economy enterprises such as steel, metallurgy, petrochemicals and paper.
In fact, for power-intensive industries, such as steel, non-ferrous metals, chemicals, building materials, etc., because the power consumption per unit of product or unit added value is very high, the power production capacity accounts for a higher proportion of the total production cost, so the production cost of the industry or The impact of competitiveness is great.

Self-generation cost savings
The first financial reporter visited some high-power consumption enterprises and found that the current production of one ton of electrolytic aluminum requires about 13,000 to 14,000 degrees of electricity, and one ton of calcium carbide consumes more than 3,000 degrees. Li Xun, manager of Shanghai Ganglian Nonferrous Business Department, told the First Financial Reporter that the cost of electricity accounts for about 45% of the cost of the electrolytic aluminum industry. For this reason, Li Shuaihua, a non-ferrous analyst at Guohai Securities, told the First Financial Reporter that “about 70% of the companies in the electrolytic aluminum industry are choosing self-generation to hedge their cost.”
Ren Zhuqian, a senior researcher at Shanghai Steel Association, told the First Financial Reporter that in the steel industry, the cost of electricity accounts for 5% to 6% of the cost of ironmaking and steelmaking. Therefore, it is not uncommon in the steel industry to reduce costs through self-generation. Xu Zhixin, chief financial officer of Fangda Iron and Steel Group, told the First Financial Reporter that steel mills now have waste heat power generation systems, and some enterprises can even achieve self-sufficiency rate of over 60%.
In fact, as early as 2011, 179 companies in Shandong Province have established their own enterprise power plants with an installed capacity of 7.989 million kilowatts to alleviate the pressure of higher industrial electricity costs. Yuan Jiahai, a professor at North China Electric Power University, told the First Financial Reporter that in Shandong, Weiqiao Group, Xinfa Group and Nanshan Group are typical self-generating enterprises.
Due to the large electricity consumption of enterprises, Jinan Shengquan Group also chose to use self-generation to reduce the cost of electricity. Bai Xingze, deputy director of the office of the president of Shengquan Group, told the First Financial Reporter that in 2016, Shengquan Group shared 115.67 billion kWh of electricity, of which 51.34 million kWh of electricity was generated and 62.22 million kWh of electricity was purchased. Through self-generation, Shengquan Group saved nearly 20 million in 2016.
Wu Qi told the First Financial Reporter that from the perspective of fuel sources, China's self-supplied power plants can be divided into two categories. One is to use the exhaust gas from the residual heat of the production process to generate electricity, such as steel and metallurgy industries, through independent design, Self-operated or contracted energy management is also a way for the state to support it. Second, like traditional thermal power, it purchases coal for power generation, but the installed capacity of such a self-sufficient power plant is relatively small.

"Weiqiao mode" replication is difficult
Reducing cost pressures through captive power plants is not a recent phenomenon. Yuan Jiahai told the First Financial Reporter that as early as the 1980s and 1990s, with the acceleration of the reform and opening up of the economy, capital construction funds were particularly tense. In the power industry, government-based investment entities simply cannot meet the needs of economic development for rapid power growth. The high electricity prices and frequent power cuts in many areas have seriously affected the normal business order of enterprises, especially high-energy enterprises represented by petrochemical, aluminum, metallurgy, papermaking and coal. In the case of severe shortage of electricity in various industries, the state has introduced policies to encourage “multiple powers”. In this context, high-energy enterprises in Shandong and Other places have set up their own power plants to solve the problems of insufficient power supply, low reliability, high power consumption and high cost of electricity.
Like many large-scale production companies, Weiqiao Group, located in Binzhou, Shandong Province, also has its own power plant, but the difference is that the Weiqiao Group's power plants not only supply power to the Group's subsidiaries, but also supply power to other companies through self-built power grids.
According to the reporter, in the past few years, Weiqiao Group had had many fierce conflicts with Shandong Electric Power Company under the State Grid. There were both “literary struggles” at the government level and “fights” between the fields.
However, due to the support of the Shandong Provincial Government, the Weiqiao model has not only continued to exist, but is also growing. The Weiqiao Group's model is also a challenge to the national grid monopoly. However, because electricity prices are related to the general public and related to all aspects of society, reforms often take the lead in the reform of the power system. The aspect is naturally cautious and discreet.
At present, it is still unclear whether the Weiqiao model can replicate the country and bring about the breakthrough of power. Many people in the power industry believe that the Weiqiao model is only a case. Without the support of the government and the commercial power, the Weiqiao model is difficult to replicate in other regions. Wang Depei, chief economist of Foca think tank, once said that the success of the model transplant is very contingent. Once it is summarized as a universal "model", the gap between its static and the changes of the times will become larger and larger until it is completely out of touch.

Self-provided power plant approval
Although the Weiqiao model replication promotion is still "long-term", but the unique self-sufficient power plants have already blossomed. In the past few years, the state lacked corresponding policies and regulations for the planning and operation of captive power plants. Therefore, some regions and enterprises have built a small number of installed machines in the name of improving power generation capacity, reducing electricity cost, developing circular economy, and cogeneration. A self-contained power plant with lower efficiency and higher emissions.
As China's electricity demand enters the development stage of low- and medium-speed growth, and the country's standardization and strictening of self-sufficient power plant management, Wu Qi told reporters that the operating space that is not from the standby power plant will be further compressed.
This view has also been recognized by the industry. The person in charge of a southern group engaged in energy investment told the First Financial Reporter that due to factors such as carbon emission reduction, the self-built power plant project approved by the National Development and Reform Commission has been difficult to obtain approval. Moreover, it is stipulated that the electricity generated by the self-supplied power plant cannot be used for Internet access and can only be used by itself This is undoubtedly a waste of resources for companies like the Weiqiao Group that generate wealth.
In addition, with the promotion of China's energy-saving emission reduction policies and new power reforms, self-sufficient power plants will face increasing policy and legal risks. Wu Qi said that at present, the installed capacity of self-supplied power plants is relatively small. For example, many self-supplied power plants in Shandong have installed capacity of less than 50,000 kilowatts, with low combustion efficiency and environmental protection, and are small units with backward production capacity that are explicitly eliminated by the state. The insiders clearly told the First Financial Reporter that the cost of building a 300,000 kW thermal power plant is about 3 billion yuan. Since the cost per kWh of building a large power plant is lower than that of a small thermal power plant, the government basically no longer approves it. Building a small power plant.
In addition to the consideration of energy saving and emission reduction, many self-provided power plants obviously lack operational qualifications, bypassing the normal national approval procedures, and are illegal construction projects such as unconstructed first construction, batch construction inconsistency, and unauthorized approval. The State Electricity Regulatory Commission has said that many self-provided power plants have not obtained power generation business licenses and are operating without a license.
Despite many problems, in Yuan Jiahai's view, the state's positioning of the captive power plant should not be simply negated, cancelled or restricted. "The self-supplied power plant is an important part of China's thermal power industry. While providing power supply for industrial enterprises' production and operation and reducing the production cost of enterprises, it can also take into account the heat demand of surrounding enterprises and residents." From this perspective, It is the proper meaning to strengthen and standardize the management of self-provided power plants.
In fact, with the continuous expansion of the installed capacity of self-supplied power plants and the continuous improvement of energy efficiency and environmental protection standards in the thermal power industry, “further strengthening and standardizing the supervision and management of self-supplied power plants, and gradually promoting the same management of self-supplied power plants and public power plants will help strengthen overall power planning. Promote the orderly development of self-sufficient power plants." Yuan Jiahai added.
Wu Qi also told reporters that the self-provided power plant should speed up the upgrading and transformation, including energy-saving and water-saving renovation, desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal and other environmental protection transformation, intelligent transformation of equipment, reduce the impact on grid operation and power quality, improve operational efficiency and energy conservation. Level.
Judging from the current national policies, the regulation of self-provided power plants is more likely to start from the coal power sector. For example, on November 30, 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration announced one of the supporting documents for the reform of the power system, “Guiding Opinions on Strengthening and Regulating the Supervision and Management of Coal-fired Power Plants”, and clarified the development plan for the power plants not built. And operations. This is caught in a blind spot of thinking, that is, the self-supplied power plant is still not considered to start with new energy. The responsible person of Dunan New Energy also told the First Financial Reporter that at present, Dunan New Energy does not build a wind farm or a photovoltaic power station for a certain enterprise.

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