Special Investigation Report on Safe Production Emergency Management in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (I)

In order to standardize the content, time, and standards of the training and training of enterprise emergency rescue teams in our region, and improve the capability of the enterprise's emergency rescue team, the autonomous region safety supervision bureau has formulated the “Outline for the Training and Training of Enterprise Emergency Rescue Teams in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region” (hereinafter referred to as “the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region”). Abbreviation training outline). The formulation and implementation of the "Training Outline" is an important measure for the full implementation of the responsibility of the company's main body of safe production. It is an important guarantee for implementing the bottom line thinking and strengthening the awareness of the red line, and it is an important means to continuously deepen the education and training reform of the enterprise's emergency rescue team. The issuance of the “Training Outline” fills the gap in the actual combat training of enterprise emergency rescue teams in our region, and is the basic criteria for the emergency management team of enterprises in our region to carry out emergency management during the next period.

At present, the enterprise's emergency rescue team in our area is not yet aware of the risks, dangers, and risk aversion, and the level of specialization is still not high. It is manifested in the following aspects: First, ideological understanding is not high. Some emergency rescue teams have yet to regard education and training as the main business of unit building. It is important to say that the secondary phenomenon is more common. Some enterprises did not implement the work well, lacked the solid foundation, and conscientiously grasped the enthusiasm and tenacity of the construction. The second is that the training concept is backward. Some units do not study or fight, do not have enough research on the objects to be rescued, and are not well-targeted in training. They have always been climbing low ladders, throwing belts, and physical fitness. Drills are so powerful and flashy that they can't get into the game, can't do it, and can't save it. The practice of seeing, training, and practicing is still common. When summarizing rescue operations, enterprises often affirmed that the rescue team members are more brave in spirit, but they did not sum up in scientific rescue. Some organizations did not regard accident lessons as valuable assets, and they analyzed how to improve emergency rescue techniques and tactics. not enough. Third, the training input is not strong. At present, we have not yet established an enterprise full-time emergency rescue team education and training base. Most enterprise emergency rescue teams have not established professional teaching sites, nor are they equipped with the necessary training materials, facilities, and equipment. The teachers are relatively lacking in strength and the funding for training is seriously insufficient. . Fourth, professional qualities are not strong. In the process of rescue and rescue, the emergency awareness of emergency rescue team members of most enterprises is not strong, on-site reconnaissance is not detailed, assessment of potential risks is inadequate, operation is not performed according to procedures, actual experience is insufficient, and the ability to avoid risks is weak. Fifth, the lack of business backbone. Emergency rescue jobs are arduous, dangerous, and work pressures are high. Many emergency team members are reluctant to go to emergency rescue positions. In addition, companies do not attach importance to safety management and lack incentives and retention measures, leading to a serious shortage of emergency management personnel.

Personally think that: The current training and training of enterprise emergency rescue teams in our region should adhere to the guiding ideology of “training as a war”, implement the principle of governing by law, training according to the guidelines, proceeding from the rigours, and proceeding from actual combat requirements, and follow the same principles of combat. , pay attention to the use of quality assurance principles. To achieve this goal, we must focus on the following tasks:

First, we must focus our efforts on education and training.

The enterprise emergency rescue team is a professional rescue force. Business training is a regular center work. It is an important approach and means for improving the actual combat capability and is also the most direct preparation for rescue operations. The level of training directly determines the quality of work safety management. If the level of training does not go up, rescue preparation work will be difficult to implement and the combat effectiveness of the rescue team will be difficult to improve. Therefore, the enterprise emergency rescue team must We must strengthen the awareness of the main business, put education and training work at the forefront of the construction team, and stick to the path of practical training, so that the unit's combat effectiveness can be qualitatively improved. First of all, we must achieve "four regressions." The staff wants to return to the post. All units should take the initiative to reduce the burden on the rescue team. The duties of the company’s internal defense and environmental protection should be separated from the responsibility for emergency management; the safety managers at all levels should return to the emergency management command position, and education and training should be the primary responsibility. Organize command and control skills; all types of emergency rescue team members must fully return to combat positions and enhance the combat strength of professional positions. Time to return to the center. All units must follow the "Training Outline" in training, strictly implement the training plan, and must not arbitrarily change the training schedule, training content, training time, and must not arbitrarily add operations and engage in intensive training and fatigue training. We must insist on quality for 8 hours. Scientific training and effect. The content must return to actual combat. All units must keep close to their duties and tasks, keep abreast of actual operational needs, keep abreast of existing equipment, increase the breadth, intensity, and depth of actual training, take the road of integration training, and strive to enhance overall combat capabilities. Quality must return to winning. Faced with the challenges of various types of production safety accidents, to perform well the emergency rescue responsibilities, we must carry out targeted training according to the tasks we undertake, test them with the winning standard, and focus the training quality on combat effectiveness. Winning to get closer. Second, we must do "three battles." One must “do battle”, that is, to focus on emergency rescue missions, conduct in-depth studies on the characteristics of various types of disaster accidents, accurately grasp its inherent laws, and formulate appropriate response measures. All units must go through research to form a set of operational concepts and methods that are consistent with their own and close to actual combat. Second, to "do battle" is to use training facilities to copy the real scene to the training ground, treat each training as an actual battle, and allow the rescue team to master the essentials of combat under similar practical conditions. At the same time, it is necessary to boldly reform the training subjects that are out of touch with actual combat, to innovate in tactical tactics, and to improve and standardize rescue action procedures. The third is to "win the war." This is the ultimate goal and the scale and standard of training. Neither passive safety at the expense of combat effectiveness, but also scientific training and scientific rescue, so that rescue team members can overcome difficulties and win the battle no matter what kind of disaster situation or what kind of environment they face.

Second, we must highlight the focus of actual training.

"What the battlefield needs is to train on anything." This is the orientation of training work and is also the focus of training. The ultimate goal is to allow rescue team members at all levels to face various disaster situations, to know what they should do, what they can do, and how to go to the office. . First, it is necessary to strengthen post basic training. The quality of professional positions is the foundation of the combat capability of emergency rescue teams. All units must combine the actual conditions, strictly implement the training according to the guidelines, and divide the posts to train the subjects specified in the “Training Outline”, such as training, content training, time training, and standard training. It is necessary to give prominence to psychological adjustment, personal protection and emergency risk aversion training under actual circumstances such as real fire and smoke and heat, and allow rescue teams to experience the real scene and grasp methods and means for identifying risks, preventing risks, and avoiding risks. It is necessary to give prominence to professional training of combat personnel, firefighters, drivers, communicators, water suppliers, and security personnel. Second, it is necessary to strengthen tactical training for teams and groups. The team is the smallest unit in the operation of the emergency rescue team. All units shall, based on their actual needs, carry out “actualization” reforms of subjects prescribed in the “Training Outline”, and focus on strengthening tactical training in reconnaissance, alerting, evacuation, internal attack, close combat, and valve plugging, and highlight key positions. , key personnel and key links, strengthening front-to-back cooperation, up-and-down linking, overall advancement, and cultivating team operations, coordinated operations, and security operations awareness. Third, we must strengthen the training of integrated construction and training. The current production safety accident rescue operations are carried out by large (medium) teams as a unit, which tests the overall combat capability. The major (middle) teams should focus on combat tasks such as dangerous situations, attacking and consolidating people, and coordinating disaster relief. They should take the opportunity to establish a situational approach and do a good job of all-member, full-load, and team-wide independent combat training. The large (middle) team must combine the reality of the plant (sub-district) area and do a good job of coordinated combat training according to the compiled and integrated system. It is necessary to test the independent combat capabilities of each force and to test the overall handling efficiency.

Third, we must create conditions for training platforms.

"How do you fight, how do soldiers practice?" This is the key to doing a good job of actual combat training for rescue teams. To this end, all units must wait and see and innovate and explore, make full use of the existing venues, facilities, and object conditions, build a good education platform, construct a good training scenario, and really try to beat and sharpen as much as possible. The distance between "playground" and "battlefield". One must use the resident training. All units must, in light of the actual conditions of the enterprise, address the needs of different production safety accidents, carefully study and refine the task of dismantling accidents, integrate these task points into actual combat training, and make full use of the existing training grounds of large (middle) teams. Facilities, training towers, factories, tanks, office buildings and other facilities, set up real-world scenarios, and use all personnel and equipment to use them in order to test the overall actual combat capability of individual soldiers, teams, and large (middle) teams. Second, we must use object training. To focus on the key parts of the plant (jurisdiction) area, set up a variety of training scenarios for possible disasters, and organize rescue team members to conduct actual training on the ground. On the one hand, the rescue team members are familiar with the situation of the key parts, and on the other hand, the rescue team members practice division of labor, practice procedures, practice tactics, and practice coordination in the actual site where the disaster may occur, so as to truly know each other and improve the ability of the first battle. Third, we must assess and promote training. All units must follow the requirements of the “Training Outline” to comprehensively implement the evaluation system for weekly routines, monthly meetings, quarterly spot checks, and annual assessments, focusing on the content that is most likely to be used in actual combat, which is most likely to be weakened in peacetime, and to increase randomization. The proportion of assessment. At the same time, all units must further stimulate the training enthusiasm and increase the level of actual combat training through contest contests and challenging confrontations.

Fourth, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of combat training style.

The construction of style directly determines the success or failure of unit construction, and it also affects the level of unit combat effectiveness. Therefore, we must resolutely discard the bad styles that we used to practice as training, examinations, and training as exercises, and we must improve and strengthen the style of emergency management work in accordance with the requirements of “can fight and win.” Training should be pragmatic. Only by doing a real job in training, can you be able to do your job in actual combat. All units need to change the training assessment mode of “card time and speed” in the past, highlight operational procedures, security protection, coordination, and other practical assessments, and pay attention to training effectiveness. All units should take serious training disciplines and formulate operational behavior standards. The education and rescue team treats each training as actual combat, listens to command, speaks procedures, and emphasizes safety, and strictly implements reward and punishment measures so that each rescue team can develop the whole process. Install training, consciously do a good job of safety protection habits. Standards must be strict. According to the actual combat capability requirements, the actual training and evaluation standards for each professional and individual post should be reasonably established. To cope with the most difficult, complex, and dangerous disasters, we must set up more insurance bureaus, critical situations, and difficult situations so that each rescue team can hone and improve their professional skills. Only when it is difficult to strictly meet the requirements in training, can we really improve our ability to respond to changes in the situation and save risk. War assessment requirements are true. All units must strictly implement the “every battle must be evaluated, and every training must be evaluated”, less boasting of achievements, more introspection, less affirmation of principle, and more anatomical sparrows, focusing on finding problems, taking the other way, and improving work.

Fifth, we must strengthen the safety of combat training.

In recent years, education and training accidents of enterprise emergency rescue teams in our region have occurred from time to time, and the lessons are extremely profound. In this regard, the leaders in charge of various units must attach great importance to it, take warnings, infer everything from the contrary, and must take hard measures to make efforts to reverse the security situation. First, we must strengthen our security responsibility. All units must strictly implement the responsibility system of “who is responsible for the training and who directs who is responsible” and emphasize that the on-site commanders and training organizers are directly responsible for safe work. They must be able to conduct training and development on the premise of ensuring safety. Rescue. I think that at the crucial moment when the people are in critical condition, the emergency team members have saved their lives and it is their duty. If rescuers are to change their lives in the event that no one is trapped and the disaster is under control, it is not worth it. Second, we must standardize the operational procedures. All units must earnestly learn lessons from the training accidents of the rescue teams of the relevant units and, in light of the actual situation of the enterprises, organize and carry out special training and safety activities focusing on mastering operational procedures and standardizing emergency rescue operations so that trainees can understand the safety of various types of disaster accidents. Risk, master the basic methods of discrimination, be familiar with the technical performance of protective equipment, strengthen safety first, and scientific awareness of rescue, formulate and issue mandatory rules for emergency rescue operations, further standardize disposal procedures and requirements, and improve the rescue team members’ knowledge of risks and risks. Hedging ability. Whether it is in training or rescue, it must be operated strictly in accordance with the regulations, consciously do a good job of security protection and inspection, must not omit links, do not talk about procedures, blind operations, otherwise there will be security risks and risks, resulting in not Necessary injuries. Third, we must take serious field discipline. The scene of accident rescue does not allow for a half-point error. For those who violate the on-site discipline, those who have failed to do so and who have been banned must be severely dealt with in accordance with relevant regulations. In case of serious consequences, relevant personnel must be subject to disciplinary action. They must not engage in inferior cases. On-site commanders, training personnel, and parties must bear the corresponding responsibilities, so that other personnel can be effectively warned and take warning.

This article comes from the National Safety Production Emergency Rescue Command Center and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.