Turn windows into lithium batteries and solar cells
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Professor Kazuyuki Sato of the Graduate School of Engineering, Advanced Engineering and Applied Physics of the Japan Institute of Technology Co., Ltd. produced a translucent lithium-ion secondary battery with a light charging function and exhibited it at the exhibition "Innovation Japan 2015". The goal is to achieve "smart windows", which will turn almost transparent windows directly into large-area batteries and provide them with the function of a solar cell. When sunlight enters, it will change color and decrease the light transmittance.
Sato's research lab developed a translucent lithium-ion secondary battery in 2013 and published a related paper (link to the paper).
At the time, the positive electrode of the prototype battery was Li3Fe2(PO4)3 (LFP), the negative electrode was Li4Ti5O12 (LTO), and an electrolyte mainly composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) was used. These are commonly used materials in lithium ion secondary batteries, but the oxide is basically transparent, and the positive electrode thickness is only 80 nm, the negative electrode thickness is only 90 nm, and it is very thin, thereby achieving a high light transmittance.
For green light having a wavelength of about 550 nm, the light transmittance after discharge is about 60%. After the charge, the lithium concentration in the electrode changes, and the electronic state (valence) of the material changes. At this time, the transmittance of green light decreases to about 30%.
The output voltage is about 3.6V. The charge and discharge cycle life has been confirmed to reach 20 times.
Sato Research Studio has exhibited a new device for unpublished papers. The new device slightly changes the material of the translucent lithium ion secondary battery, and the electrons excited by the light incident on the negative electrode can be directly used for battery charging.
At the exhibition, Sato Research Laboratory disclosed the results of an experiment in which 5 times of charge and discharge were performed by using near-ultraviolet rays with an energy of 10 mW/cm2 (this energy is equivalent to about 1/10 of sunlight).
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