Shenzhen Advanced Institute and others have developed a programmable strategy for friction nanogenerators
Recently, Wang Hao, an associate researcher at the Micro-Nano System and Bionic Medicine Research Center of the Institute of Medical Engineering, Shenzhen Academy of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, proposed a strategy for programmable operation of nano friction generator devices, which does not rely on friction interface materials. The improvement is to realize the cyclic accumulation of electric charge in the device through the set operation program to realize the ultra-high voltage output. Related papers were published online on Nano Energy with the title Programmed-triboelectric nanogenerators—A multi-switch regulation methodology for energy manipulation.
Because of its simple structure, low production cost, and wide applicability, friction nanogenerators can convert mechanical energy including wind energy, water energy and human movement into electrical energy, etc., and are widely used in energy harvesting, self-powered power supplies and IoT devices Various self-powered sensors, etc., are considered to be one of the most promising energy solutions to realize the Internet of Things in the future.
The traditional triboelectric nanogenerator presses or slides to generate electrostatic induction between the electrostatic charge generated by the friction of two different electronegative materials and the electrode plate on the back, thereby generating current on the external load. In order to increase the energy generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator, the general research direction is to increase the surface electrostatic charge density through the improvement of materials or to improve the efficiency of energy collection through the improvement of the structure.
However, the research team proposed a third possible research direction for improving the energy output of the triboelectric nanogenerator, which is to improve the operating procedures. The operation process of the traditional triboelectric nanogenerator involves three more basic physical processes of charge generation, charge transfer and energy generation, which are called meta-operations here. The traditional friction nanogenerator operation (pressing or sliding) is actually a cycle of these three element operations according to a specific sequence and combination, which can be considered as the simplest procedure (ie the sequence and combination of three element operations). Obviously, these three element operations can be cyclically operated with more complex timing and combination, which realizes the cyclic accumulation of charge in the system while generating energy, causing the output energy to continue to grow as the program runs until its voltage is too high and breakdown The dielectric inside the device reaches its maximum value.
The program to increase the energy output of the friction nanogenerator through programming has the following advantages: First, the maximum output of the programmable friction nanogenerator is not affected by the friction interface material. Second, the maximum voltage is only limited by the dielectric breakdown voltage between the electrode plates, so the optimization of the device mainly focuses on increasing the dielectric breakdown voltage. Third, theoretically, there are countless possible programs, which can be adapted to various mechanical operation modes. The study showed three possible procedures, through different mechanical structures, different types of physical operations (such as one-way motion, back and forth motion or rotational motion) to easily achieve a high voltage output of 1.5 kV-1.8 kV. Therefore, designing and optimizing programs based on different application scenarios and physical operation methods has become another alternative research direction of friction nanogenerators.
Wang Hao is the co-first author of the paper. This research was funded by Guangdong Science and Technology Basic Research and Shenzhen Basic Research.
Figure 1. The operating mechanism of the traditional friction nanogenerator and the three element operations decomposed
Figure 2. One of the program examples of programmable friction nanogenerator: charge oscillator
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