Japan Developed High-Temperature Superconducting Wire with Insulating Layer Thickness of Only 4μm
On August 12, 2013, the Japan Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chiba University announced a breakthrough in high-temperature superconducting technology. They developed a new insulation layer that reduces the thickness of the insulating layer in rare-earth-based high-temperature superconducting wires by up to ten times. This innovation allows for a significant increase in current density within superconducting coils, paving the way for more compact and efficient designs.
Traditionally, the thickness of the insulating layer was comparable to that of the superconducting layer itself, which limited the coil's current density. The new method addresses this issue by using a "polyimide electrodeposition technique," where positively charged polyimide particles are deposited onto negatively charged wire substrates. This process results in a uniform, ultra-thin insulating film across both flat and curved surfaces of the wire.
Compared to conventional methods that rely on winding polymer tapes, the new approach eliminates concerns about tape breakage or misalignment. It also simplifies the manufacturing process, enabling the production of long, continuous superconducting wires with minimal insulation material. In fact, the insulating portion now occupies less than 10% of the cross-sectional area—down from over 50% previously. This dramatic reduction leads to a current density increase of more than two times.
For example, in a superconducting coil designed to generate a 10 Tesla magnetic field with an inner diameter of 10 cm, the overall volume can be reduced to one-fifth of its original size. This advancement is expected to have a major impact on the development of compact, high-performance superconducting devices, such as MRI machines, particle accelerators, and next-generation power systems. The research, reported by Yoshida in *Nikkei Manufacturing*, marks a significant step forward in the field of superconductivity.
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