Magnetic stripe card degaussing solution? Whether the chip is also encountered
There are often goodwill reminders on the Internet that ID cards and cell phones and TVs are being “demagnetized†together, and there are rumors that carrying bus-based machines to get a monthly bus or subway bus can get lucrative Return, etc. Are these news true? What is "degaussing" exactly? Can a chip card be "demagnetized" in the end? With the upgrading of bank cards from magnetic strips to chips, people will increasingly come into contact with similar cards, and these problems will cause more and more people to worry. Here is a brief summary of some basic common sense, hoping to play a part in answering puzzles. Special note: The narrative content of this article is only summarizing some facts and summarizing from the perspective of theoretical introduction. The author did not practice practically. The inappropriateness is welcome.
A magnetic stripe card and "demagnetization"
The principle of the magnetic stripe card recording data information is the same as that of tape recorders and computer disks. The magnetic materials on the magnetic stripe store different information under different magnetic fields. Just as the contents of the audio tape can be erased (erased) by the recorder, the data recorded in the magnetic stripe is easily erased by the magnetic card reader/writer. The so-called "degaussing" means that the information in the magnetic stripe is destroyed, so that the magnetic stripe card cannot be normally used on the corresponding device. Then, if the mobile phone and the magnetic card are put together, and the magnetic card and the magnetic card are put together, won't the magnetic card be degaussed? Including the Beijing TV station and the fruit shell network have done corresponding tests, prove that whether the phone or multiple magnetic cards simply stacked together will not cause the magnetic stripe information to be demagnetized due to magnetic field interference (of course, if the magnetic card is placed high Next to a magnetic object, such as a large magnet, it may be demagnetized. However, this does not mean that it is absolutely safe to put a mobile phone with a magnetic card. For example, if a magnetic card and a mobile phone or multiple magnetic cards are held in their pockets, friction may occur between them. This friction may also cause information on the magnetic stripe. It is destroyed, in other words degaussing also occurs.
Therefore, the best way is to install the magnetic card in the wallet or the card bag to avoid direct friction between the card and the mobile phone and between the card and the card, so that the magnetic card can be prevented from being demagnetized.
Second, can the chip card be "demagnetized"?
The earliest mention of chip cards being “demagnetized†came from public transport cards. After many cities implemented the card, the problem that passengers' bus cards could not be used normally occurred, and some bus service personnel’s reply was that bus cards were “demagnetizedâ€. Change card. Later, with the issuance of second-generation ID cards, after some people's second-generation cards could not be used normally, the staff of related departments also used “degaussing†to explain these failure phenomena.
The simple chip card itself does not have a magnetic strip. Obviously, there is no way to talk about "degaussing." The method of information exchange between the chip card and the outside world is accomplished through contact contacts or non-contact antennas. These peripheral circuits need to be reliably soldered with the chip's own pins. Therefore, the reason why the chip card cannot be used normally is the chip and peripheral circuits. A problem has occurred.
Chip cards can be divided into contact cards with contacts (such as SIM cards), RF non-contact cards without contacts (such as bus cards, access cards, and ID cards), and dual interface cards that have contacts and radio frequencies ( For example, ICBC issued wealth management, quick purchase card). From the perspective of the structure of the chip card, it is composed of a card base (plastic card body) and a module package, and a chip card capable of radio frequency non-contact operation (including a chip card with a non-connected chip, and a pair of chip cards that simultaneously support both contact and non-contact operations. The interface card) has an antenna coil connected to the module and external components added to improve the radio frequency performance. The so-called module is a separate unit formed by completing the encapsulation glue and reinforcing the encapsulated adhesive after the chip and the peripheral circuit are soldered. .
Therefore, the reason why the chip card can not be used normally can be attributed to: damage to the chip itself (including damage to the internal circuit or the chip itself), damage to the module (including breakage of the module or protection of the module and breakage of the wire between the chips, Open welding, cold soldering, short circuit, etc.), damage to the antenna (including cracking of the antenna itself or between dummy and module, open soldering, short circuit, etc.), damage to external components, open soldering, short circuit, etc. The main factors that cause these damages are actually: bending and squeezing. To put it plainly, it is the destruction of external forces (of course, in most cases it is unintentional).
The statement that the second-generation ID card will damage the chip due to electromagnetic radiation near mobile phones and television is also inaccurate. According to the standard of ISO14443, a contactless IC card (PICC) such as the second generation card can still work normally after being subjected to a static magnetic field of 640 kA/m, and the electromagnetic field formed by a mobile phone or a television is much smaller than this value ( Especially when doing medical nuclear magnetic resonance, the maximum static magnetic field strength is equivalent to about 3200 kA/m, and there is a threat of damaging non-connected chip cards. Just as stacking a magnetic stripe card and a mobile phone together will not cause the degaussing of a magnetic card, simply putting second-generation ID cards and similar chip cards together with mobile phones, televisions, etc. will not cause loss of chips due to electromagnetic radiation. . But if you also put your cell phone and chip card in their pockets, they can cause squeezing, bumping, and bumping on top of each other, which can actually damage the chip card.
So the correct way is to put the ID card in the bag to avoid crushing, and then even if you and your phone in the pocket at the same time, there will be no so-called "degaussing."
Third, carrying a car machine can steal the bus card?
Compared with the magnetic stripe card, the chip card has a very good security, so each bank is in full swing to upgrade the magnetic stripe card to the chip card. However, rumors about the “sacrifice of passenger bus cards in subways and buses†with “car-mounted vehicles†have been revisited from time to time. Is there a similar threat to bank chip cards that also support RF non-contact operation?
Let's talk about the possibility of a back-car machine stealing a bus card (the risk control mechanism behind the scenes is abandoned here, and only a brief discussion of actual operation is provided). Strictly speaking, in addition to the vehicle-mounted machine, it is necessary to attach a large battery, so as to support the long-term operation of the vehicle-mounted device. In addition, when the vehicle-mounted device is used for swiping the card, the position of the card is strictly required. It is not a matter of placing and brushing. The distance between the ordinary vehicle-mounted device and the card is about 10 centimeters, and the card needs to be as close as possible to the coil of the vehicle-mounted device. In parallel, it takes about 300 milliseconds to complete a transaction. Assuming that someone with a car-mounted device appears on the bus, and for the sake of simplicity, let's further assume that he is not carrying it but carrying the car-mounted device, but also connecting an earphone so that only he himself can hear the credit card successfully. Sounds. If you want to steal your bus card, he must be close to you with the car machine, and then around you around the front and rear, left and right to sway but also slightly pause (to meet 300 milliseconds), so as to find and align you Bus card on the body. Not to mention that there is no operability at the same peak hours as canned sardines, even if there are so few people in front of passengers, how can such a person not be found around everybody?
So can we improve the antenna of the vehicle-mounted machine to increase the read/write distance and make it easier to steal the brush? Improvements through the antenna can indeed increase the read-write distance, but it does not increase indefinitely. According to the current technology, 13.56 MHz cards are used for bus cards, bank chip cards, ID cards, etc. Although the maximum read/write distance that can be achieved can reach about 1 meter, there is also a blind spot for the angle and position. That is to say, even if this improved vehicle-mounted device can read and write your card in a farther position, it must be adjusted and aligned accordingly. In short, whether it is carrying or carrying a car machine to steal someone else's bus card (including the bank issued QuickPass flash chip card) is definitely not a simple task, even if it is for a small hand-held POS device, the conclusion is the same.
There are also concerns that second-generation identity card information is being stolen. It is also difficult to steal identity card information in this way. It is much more complicated to adopt such a theft method than to directly access the database to obtain information.
To sum up the above: 1) whether it is a magnetic card or chip card proposal is installed in a wallet or card package, to avoid the direct scattering of the card in the pocket; 2) for the chip card (transit card, second-generation ID card, bank chip card In addition to being packed in a purse or card case, avoid squeezing and bending (eg, if you often sleep on a bench in a conference room with an ID card and a cell phone, the possibility of ID cards being crushed Very high; 3) For non-contact chip cards can be used with confidence, the risk of remote stealing or stealing information is negligible.
A magnetic stripe card and "demagnetization"
The principle of the magnetic stripe card recording data information is the same as that of tape recorders and computer disks. The magnetic materials on the magnetic stripe store different information under different magnetic fields. Just as the contents of the audio tape can be erased (erased) by the recorder, the data recorded in the magnetic stripe is easily erased by the magnetic card reader/writer. The so-called "degaussing" means that the information in the magnetic stripe is destroyed, so that the magnetic stripe card cannot be normally used on the corresponding device. Then, if the mobile phone and the magnetic card are put together, and the magnetic card and the magnetic card are put together, won't the magnetic card be degaussed? Including the Beijing TV station and the fruit shell network have done corresponding tests, prove that whether the phone or multiple magnetic cards simply stacked together will not cause the magnetic stripe information to be demagnetized due to magnetic field interference (of course, if the magnetic card is placed high Next to a magnetic object, such as a large magnet, it may be demagnetized. However, this does not mean that it is absolutely safe to put a mobile phone with a magnetic card. For example, if a magnetic card and a mobile phone or multiple magnetic cards are held in their pockets, friction may occur between them. This friction may also cause information on the magnetic stripe. It is destroyed, in other words degaussing also occurs.
Therefore, the best way is to install the magnetic card in the wallet or the card bag to avoid direct friction between the card and the mobile phone and between the card and the card, so that the magnetic card can be prevented from being demagnetized.
Second, can the chip card be "demagnetized"?
The earliest mention of chip cards being “demagnetized†came from public transport cards. After many cities implemented the card, the problem that passengers' bus cards could not be used normally occurred, and some bus service personnel’s reply was that bus cards were “demagnetizedâ€. Change card. Later, with the issuance of second-generation ID cards, after some people's second-generation cards could not be used normally, the staff of related departments also used “degaussing†to explain these failure phenomena.
The simple chip card itself does not have a magnetic strip. Obviously, there is no way to talk about "degaussing." The method of information exchange between the chip card and the outside world is accomplished through contact contacts or non-contact antennas. These peripheral circuits need to be reliably soldered with the chip's own pins. Therefore, the reason why the chip card cannot be used normally is the chip and peripheral circuits. A problem has occurred.
Chip cards can be divided into contact cards with contacts (such as SIM cards), RF non-contact cards without contacts (such as bus cards, access cards, and ID cards), and dual interface cards that have contacts and radio frequencies ( For example, ICBC issued wealth management, quick purchase card). From the perspective of the structure of the chip card, it is composed of a card base (plastic card body) and a module package, and a chip card capable of radio frequency non-contact operation (including a chip card with a non-connected chip, and a pair of chip cards that simultaneously support both contact and non-contact operations. The interface card) has an antenna coil connected to the module and external components added to improve the radio frequency performance. The so-called module is a separate unit formed by completing the encapsulation glue and reinforcing the encapsulated adhesive after the chip and the peripheral circuit are soldered. .
Therefore, the reason why the chip card can not be used normally can be attributed to: damage to the chip itself (including damage to the internal circuit or the chip itself), damage to the module (including breakage of the module or protection of the module and breakage of the wire between the chips, Open welding, cold soldering, short circuit, etc.), damage to the antenna (including cracking of the antenna itself or between dummy and module, open soldering, short circuit, etc.), damage to external components, open soldering, short circuit, etc. The main factors that cause these damages are actually: bending and squeezing. To put it plainly, it is the destruction of external forces (of course, in most cases it is unintentional).
The statement that the second-generation ID card will damage the chip due to electromagnetic radiation near mobile phones and television is also inaccurate. According to the standard of ISO14443, a contactless IC card (PICC) such as the second generation card can still work normally after being subjected to a static magnetic field of 640 kA/m, and the electromagnetic field formed by a mobile phone or a television is much smaller than this value ( Especially when doing medical nuclear magnetic resonance, the maximum static magnetic field strength is equivalent to about 3200 kA/m, and there is a threat of damaging non-connected chip cards. Just as stacking a magnetic stripe card and a mobile phone together will not cause the degaussing of a magnetic card, simply putting second-generation ID cards and similar chip cards together with mobile phones, televisions, etc. will not cause loss of chips due to electromagnetic radiation. . But if you also put your cell phone and chip card in their pockets, they can cause squeezing, bumping, and bumping on top of each other, which can actually damage the chip card.
So the correct way is to put the ID card in the bag to avoid crushing, and then even if you and your phone in the pocket at the same time, there will be no so-called "degaussing."
Third, carrying a car machine can steal the bus card?
Compared with the magnetic stripe card, the chip card has a very good security, so each bank is in full swing to upgrade the magnetic stripe card to the chip card. However, rumors about the “sacrifice of passenger bus cards in subways and buses†with “car-mounted vehicles†have been revisited from time to time. Is there a similar threat to bank chip cards that also support RF non-contact operation?
Let's talk about the possibility of a back-car machine stealing a bus card (the risk control mechanism behind the scenes is abandoned here, and only a brief discussion of actual operation is provided). Strictly speaking, in addition to the vehicle-mounted machine, it is necessary to attach a large battery, so as to support the long-term operation of the vehicle-mounted device. In addition, when the vehicle-mounted device is used for swiping the card, the position of the card is strictly required. It is not a matter of placing and brushing. The distance between the ordinary vehicle-mounted device and the card is about 10 centimeters, and the card needs to be as close as possible to the coil of the vehicle-mounted device. In parallel, it takes about 300 milliseconds to complete a transaction. Assuming that someone with a car-mounted device appears on the bus, and for the sake of simplicity, let's further assume that he is not carrying it but carrying the car-mounted device, but also connecting an earphone so that only he himself can hear the credit card successfully. Sounds. If you want to steal your bus card, he must be close to you with the car machine, and then around you around the front and rear, left and right to sway but also slightly pause (to meet 300 milliseconds), so as to find and align you Bus card on the body. Not to mention that there is no operability at the same peak hours as canned sardines, even if there are so few people in front of passengers, how can such a person not be found around everybody?
So can we improve the antenna of the vehicle-mounted machine to increase the read/write distance and make it easier to steal the brush? Improvements through the antenna can indeed increase the read-write distance, but it does not increase indefinitely. According to the current technology, 13.56 MHz cards are used for bus cards, bank chip cards, ID cards, etc. Although the maximum read/write distance that can be achieved can reach about 1 meter, there is also a blind spot for the angle and position. That is to say, even if this improved vehicle-mounted device can read and write your card in a farther position, it must be adjusted and aligned accordingly. In short, whether it is carrying or carrying a car machine to steal someone else's bus card (including the bank issued QuickPass flash chip card) is definitely not a simple task, even if it is for a small hand-held POS device, the conclusion is the same.
There are also concerns that second-generation identity card information is being stolen. It is also difficult to steal identity card information in this way. It is much more complicated to adopt such a theft method than to directly access the database to obtain information.
To sum up the above: 1) whether it is a magnetic card or chip card proposal is installed in a wallet or card package, to avoid the direct scattering of the card in the pocket; 2) for the chip card (transit card, second-generation ID card, bank chip card In addition to being packed in a purse or card case, avoid squeezing and bending (eg, if you often sleep on a bench in a conference room with an ID card and a cell phone, the possibility of ID cards being crushed Very high; 3) For non-contact chip cards can be used with confidence, the risk of remote stealing or stealing information is negligible.
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