Application of New Silicon Carbide Power Semiconductors in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan announced that it has jointly developed a new silicon carbide power semiconductor technology with Denso for automotive power control devices (PCUs). Toyota plans to conduct this new PCUs road test in Japan for a period of one year.

The development of silicon carbide power semiconductors aims to increase the fuel efficiency of hybrid vehicles by 10% and reduce the size of existing silicon-power semiconductors by 80%. Toyota's research was supported by the JC08 project of the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Transport and Tourism. Silicon carbide power semiconductors have lower power losses in switching and can provide sufficient current at high frequencies; coils and capacitors account for nearly 40% of the space size of PCUs, with the application of new silicon carbide power semiconductors The size of the PCUs will be greatly reduced. PCUs play an important role in the electrified transmission system of hybrid vehicles and other vehicles: PCUs provide power to the engine through the battery to control the speed of the vehicle; at the same time generate current during deceleration and store it in the battery. However, one of the shortcomings of PCUs in hybrid vehicles is that there is nearly 25% of power loss and loss; among them, only power semiconductors account for 20% of losses. Therefore, one of the important ways to improve fuel efficiency is to improve the power semiconductor, specifically to reduce the resistance of the power semiconductor.

Since the establishment of the Prius project for gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles in 1997, Toyota has been committed to the development of power semiconductor technology and the improvement of fuel efficiency of hybrid vehicles. Since the performance of silicon carbide materials is superior to silicon, the Toyota CRDL project and Denso have jointly developed the application of silicon carbide in PCUs power semiconductors for hybrid vehicles. In the previous JC08 project test, silicon carbide power semiconductor materials successfully increased fuel efficiency by 5%. According to Toyota, the new silicon carbide power semiconductor technology will be unveiled at the Yokohama 2014 Automotive Engineering Expo in May this year. (Compiled from 'New silicon carbide power semiconductor to improve hybrid vehicle fuel efficiency by 10 percent')

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