What are the common sense of pesticide use in the production of pollution-free vegetables?

What are the common sense of pesticide use in the production of pollution-free vegetables?

First, on the basis of a full understanding of the performance and methods of use of pesticides, according to the types of pests and diseases to be controlled, use appropriate pesticide types or dosage forms. For example, the stomach poison in the insecticide is effective in controlling the chewing mouthworm, but the pest control is ineffective; the buprofezin is effective in controlling the whitefly, but the control is not effective; Fog control of peach aphid has special effects, but the effect of preventing and treating melon is poor; metalaxyl is effective in controlling various vegetable downy mildew, early blight, late blight, etc., but it is ineffective in controlling powdery mildew.

Second, the appropriate use of drugs according to the law of the occurrence of pests and diseases, strictly control the best prevention period, to achieve timely medication. For example, before planting or planting vegetables, measures such as shed room application and disinfection, soil treatment and chemical dressing should be adopted; when aphids and moths occur, local application is used.

Third, the scientific use of drugs should pay attention to alternate rotation of pesticides using different mechanisms of action to prevent pathogenic bacteria or pests from developing resistance, which is conducive to maintaining the control effect and age of the drug. In the early stage of vegetable growth, high-efficiency and low-toxic chemical pesticides and biological pesticides were mainly used in combination or alternate control, and biological pesticides were mainly used in the late growth stage. Use a low-volume spray method and pay attention to uniform spray.

4. Select the correct spraying site to determine the key application site of the plant according to the occurrence characteristics of different pests and diseases in different periods, and carry out targeted application. For example, the occurrence of downy mildew is initiated by the lower leaves. In the early control of downy mildew, the focus is applied to the lower leaves to reduce the upper disease; the pests such as aphids and whitefly live on the back of the young leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to spray evenly when spraying, the nozzle is upward, and the back of the blade is focused.

5. Reasonable compounding agents Generally, neutral pesticides can be mixed; neutral pesticides and acidic pesticides can be mixed; acidic pesticides can be mixed; alkaline pesticides can not be mixed with other pesticides; microbial pesticides (Bt, etc.) Can not be mixed with fungicides and pesticides with strong systemicity; mixed pesticides should be used with mixing. When using various biological pesticides mixed with chemical pesticides, the chemical pesticides to be mixed can only be chemical pesticides that are allowed to be used.

6. Inadvertently increase the amount of drug used and the number of sprays. The guidelines for the safe use of pesticides and the standards for pollution-free vegetables stipulate the amount of each pesticide used on different vegetable crops, the number of doses, the maximum allowable residue and the safety interval. Vegetable production must be strictly enforced, and it is necessary to completely change the random increase in the amount of drug used and the number of sprays, and the misuse of a variety of pesticides. According to the China Pesticide Network , it is necessary to wait until the pesticide is degraded to no residue after the vegetable spray, before it can be harvested. Vegetables that have been picked many times must be sprayed after harvesting.