Reasonable use of phosphate fertilizer
1. Applied by soil. Soil conditions are closely related to phosphate fertilizer efficiency. In soils with low organic matter and low available phosphorus content, the application of most crops can increase production. Therefore, the phosphorus fertilizer should be distributed to the soil with low organic matter and phosphorus deficiency to fully exert the fertilizer efficiency. In addition, in the selection of phosphate fertilizer varieties, soil conditions should also be considered. In neutral and calcareous alkaline soils, it is preferred to use a slightly acidic water-soluble phosphate fertilizer superphosphate; in acidic soils, it should be weakly alkaline. Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
2. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are administered in combination. The combination of NPK can promote each other, maintain nutritional balance, and improve fertilizer utilization.
3. Apply in combination with organic fertilizer. The combination of phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer can reduce the adsorption and fixation of phosphorus in soil, promote the release of insoluble phosphorus, enhance the vitality of root system, and help to improve the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.
4. Because of the application. Different crops have different phosphorus demand and absorption capacity. Practice has proved that beans, rapeseed, wheat, cotton, potatoes, melons and fruit trees are all phosphorous crops, and the application of phosphate fertilizer has better fertilizer efficiency. Especially for legume crops, which are sensitive to phosphorus reaction, the application of phosphate fertilizer can significantly increase the yield and nitrogen fixation, and play the role of “phosphorus-increasing nitrogenâ€.
5. Appropriate application. The critical period of crop phosphorus demand is the seedling stage, and this period of application can maximize efficiency. If the phosphorus deficiency in the seedling stage will affect the later growth, it is difficult to recover the loss of phosphorus deficiency even if it is applied later. Therefore, as a base fat should phosphate, types of fertilizer, fertilizer seedbed and seedling, root and early seedling dip dressing.
6. Screen application. Calcium superphosphate is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate during storage. When applied, it is broken and sieved to facilitate root absorption.
7. Concentrated application. Phosphorus is easily fixed by iron, aluminum, calcium, etc. in the soil, and the utilization rate in the season is only 10%-25%, especially on various clay soils. If phosphorus fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer effect cannot be fully exerted. The centralized application method such as point application, strip application, seed dressing and rooting can be applied to the root layer of dense soil, which can reduce the contact surface of phosphate fertilizer and soil, reduce the fixation of phosphorus and improve the utilization rate.
8. Layered spray. Phosphate fertilizer has little mobility in the soil, and where it is applied is basically where it is. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer should be applied to the bottom layer and the superficial layer. Generally, 20-40 kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied per mu, one third of the shallow layer is applied, and two thirds of the deep layer is applied.
9. Spray outside the roots. Foliar spray is applied to the super-calcium phosphate leaching solution, which has the characteristics of less fertilizer, quick fertilizer efficiency and high utilization rate. The spraying time is better when spraying each time in the booting and filling stages. The cereal crops can be used at a concentration of 1% to 3% , and the vegetables can be sprayed with a concentration of 1% in the morning or evening on a sunny day.
10. With micro-fertilizer. At the same time of rational phosphorus application, on the wheat, 1 kg of zinc fertilizer and 0.5 kg of boron fertilizer are added per mu, and the yield increase effect is better.
11. Moderate application. Although the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is low in the current season, its aftereffect is very long. Generally, it can be used for 2 to 3 一次 at a time. Thus, when the phosphate is administered once more, no longer are each crop fertilizer, generally 1--2 administered to a group of times.
12. Do not mix with alkaline fertilizers. Both plant ash and lime are strong alkaline substances. If mixed, the effectiveness of phosphate fertilizer will be significantly reduced. It should generally be staggered for 7-10 days.
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