How to balance the axial thrust of the pump
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How to balance the axial thrust of the pump
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2018-05-05
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There are usually several ways to balance the axial force of a single-stage pump:
1. Open the balance hole and drill a few holes in the rear cover of the pump near the hub; and add a sealing ring on the rear cover; the outer diameter of the sealing ring is equal to the outer diameter of the inlet of the impeller. When the pump is working; The liquid in the sealing ring communicates with the suction inlet; the pressure is close to the suction inlet pressure. The outer cover area of ​​the sealing ring is equal to the area of ​​the outer front cover of the suction inlet; thus the pressure of the liquid is sent to the total of the front and rear covers. The force is basically flat; less unbalanced axial force is accepted by the bearing. Under normal circumstances; the balance hole balances the axial force better. It is characterized by more leakage; the liquid passing through the balance hole is disturbed again. The normal activity of the impeller inlet liquid; the power of the centrifugal pump is reduced by about 2-5%; it is only suitable for small single-stage centrifugal pumps.
2. The method of selecting the balance tube is basically the same as the method of opening the balance hole; the mouth ring is arranged on the rear cover plate of the impeller corresponding to the suction inlet; the liquid in the sealed space is introduced into the pump inlet by using the balance tube; Some hydraulic pressure is balanced with the inlet pressure; thus the axial force is balanced; the over-flow area of ​​the balance tube of this equipment should be equal to or greater than 4-5 times the area of ​​the orifice gap.
3. Select the balance vane to symmetrically settle several radial ribs on the reverse side of the impeller rear cover; when the impeller reverses; the ribs seem to pump the same to accelerate the rotation of the liquid on the opposite side of the blade; the centrifugal force increases; the pressure on the opposite side of the blade Significantly decreased; so that the pressure on both sides of the impeller reaches equilibrium; the degree of balance depends on the size of the balance blade and the gap between the blade and the pump body. The defect is the pump power drop.
4. Select the double suction impeller to select the double-sided water inlet impeller on the single-stage centrifugal pump with a large flow rate or a small multi-stage centrifugal pump; then the axial thrust is balanced by its own working conditions; but actually because the manufacturer is very It is difficult to achieve the same shape of the two-way overcurrent components of the pump; therefore, there will still be a small axial force acting on the rotor; thus; a single row of radial ball bearings at one end of the pump shaft is accepted.
Other; about multi-stage pump axial balance equipment; optional impeller symmetric placement method, balance hub balance axial force and balance disc balance axial force.
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